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[[File:Projectile.gif|thumb|Various projectiles being fired from a [[dispenser]].]]
{{relevant category|Projectiles}}
A '''projectile''' is an [[Minecraft:entity]] that can be fired, shot, or thrown by [[Minecraft:mob]]s, other entities, [[Minecraft:dispenser]]s, and players. Projectiles can also be summoned using {{cmd|summon}}.

== List of projectiles ==
{{Redirect|Throw|the entity created by throwing [[Minecraft:item]]s|Item (entity)|the mob that can toss up other mobs|Iron Golem}}

=== Inheritance ===
{{Main|Entity format#Inheritance}}
{{exclusive|java|section=1}}
{{blist
|class=treeview
|Entity{{blist
|[[Minecraft:Projectile]] {{#lst:Entity format|inheritance-projectile}}
}}
}}

=== Table ===
Mobs and players equipped with [[Minecraft:bow]]s and [[Minecraft:crossbow]]s can use them to shoot [[Minecraft:arrow]]s. The player can also throw various items as projectiles. Some mobs shoot projectiles directly as an [[Minecraft:Ranged attack|attack]].

{| class="wikitable"
!Projectile
!Sources
!Damage
!Item form
|-
|{{EntityLink|Ice Bomb}}{{only|edu|short=1}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot
|0
|{{ItemLink|Ice Bomb}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Fireball}}
|{{EntityLink|Ghast}}, as an attack
|{{hp|6}}<ref group="note">Fireballs rebounded by the player deal {{hp|1000}} damage to a ghast upon direct hit, killing them.</ref>
|{{tc|no|none}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Small Fireball}}
|{{EntityLink|Blaze}}, as an attack<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shooting a [[Minecraft:fire charge]]<br>{{BlockLink|Ominous Trial Spawner}}, when active
|{{hp|5}}
|{{ItemLink|Fire Charge}}<ref group="note">Only works with {{BlockLink|Dispenser|text=Dispeners}}.</ref>
|-
|{{EntityLink|Dragon Fireball|link=Ender Dragon#Dragon Fireball}}
|{{EntityLink|Ender Dragon}}, as an attack
|0
|{{tc|no|none}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Firework Rocket|Launched Firework Rocket}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used}}, and not gliding with an [[Minecraft:elytra]]<br>{{EntityLink|Villager}}, after winning in a [[Minecraft:Raid]]<br>{{ItemLink|Crossbow}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot
|0
|{{ItemLink|Firework Rocket}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Llama Spit}}
|{{EntityLink|Llama}}, as an attack
|{{hp|1}}
|{{tc|no|none}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Arrow|Shot Arrow}}
|{{ItemLink|Bow}} or {{ItemLink|Crossbow}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Ominous Trial Spawner}}, when active
| rowspan="3" |{{hp|8.5}}<ref group="note">Average damage when fired from a [[Minecraft:Bow]] with no [[Minecraft:Power]] enchantments. See [[Minecraft:Ranged attack#Projectile damage|Ranged attack § Projectile damage]] for more info.</ref>
|{{ItemLink|Arrow}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Spectral Arrow}}{{only|je|short=1}}
|{{ItemLink|Bow}} or {{ItemLink|Crossbow}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot
|{{ItemLink|Spectral Arrow}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Tipped Arrow}}
|{{ItemLink|Bow}} or {{ItemLink|Crossbow}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Ominous Trial Spawner}}, when active
|{{ItemLink|Tipped Arrow}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Shulker Bullet}}
|{{EntityLink|Shulker}}, as an attack
|{{hp|4}}
|{{tc|no|none}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Bottle o' Enchanting|Thrown Bottle o' Enchanting}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot
|0
|{{ItemLink|Bottle o' Enchanting}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Egg|Thrown Egg}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot
|0
|{{ItemLink|Egg}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Ender Pearl|Thrown Ender Pearl}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}
|0<ref group="note">The thrower takes {{hp|5}} damage.</ref>
|{{ItemLink|Ender Pearl}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Eye of Ender|Thrown Eye of Ender}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}
|0
|{{ItemLink|Eye of Ender}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Snowball|Thrown Snowball}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{EntityLink|Snow Golem}}, as an attack<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot
|0<ref group="note">{{EntityLink|Blaze|text=Blazes}} take {{hp|3}} damage.</ref>
|{{ItemLink|Snowball}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Splash Potion|Thrown Splash Potion}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{EntityLink|Witch}}, as an attack<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot
|0
|{{ItemLink|Splash Potion}}
|-
|{{ItemLink|Lingering Potion}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Ominous Trial Spawner}}, when active
|0
|{{ItemLink|Lingering Potion}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Trident|Thrown Trident}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{EntityLink|Drowned}}, as an attack<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot{{Only|BE|short=1}}

|{{hp|8}}
|{{ItemLink|Trident}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|Wind Charge}}
|{{EntityLink|Player}}, when {{ctrl|used|thrown}}<br>{{EntityLink|Breeze}}, as an attack<br>{{BlockLink|Dispenser}}, when shot<br>{{BlockLink|Ominous Trial Spawner}}, when active
|{{hp|1}}
|{{ItemLink|Wind Charge}}
|-
|{{EntityLink|id=Wither Skull|Wither#Wither Skull|Wither Skull}}
|{{EntityLink|Wither}}, as an attack
|{{hp|8}}
|{{tc|no|none}}
|}
{{Notelist}}

=== Picking up ===
An [[Minecraft:eye of ender]] has a 80% chance of surviving when thrown. If it survives, it drops as an [[Minecraft:item (entity)|item]] where it stopped, which can then by picked up.

A trident thrown by a player can be picked up (in its projectile form), as long as its on the ground, doesn't have [[Minecraft:Loyalty]], and the player didn't throw it while in [[Minecraft:Creative]] mode.

All other projectiles are either destroyed, turned into something else, or exist as a projectile which despawns after some time, and cannot be picked up or grabbed in their projectile form.

== Initial conditions ==
{{Work in progress|section=true}}

=== Shot from dispenser ===
<section begin="initialconditions-dispenser"/>All projectiles use the following calculations to get shot by a dispenser:
* To find the position, move out from the center of the block by <code>DISTANCE</code> and add <code>Y OFFSET</code>.
* Get the unit vector straight out of the dispenser.
* For each axis, add a random (64-bit) number between <code>-0.0172275 * UNCERTAINTY</code> and <code>0.0172275 * UNCERTAINTY</code>, using a triangular distribution.
* To find the velocity, scale by <code>POWER</code>.
{| class="wikitable sortable" data-description="Dispenser data table for projectiles"
|+ Projectile dispenser values
! Projectile
! Distance ([[Minecraft:w:Double-precision_floating-point_format|double]])
! Y Offset (double)
! Power ([[Minecraft:w:Single-precision_floating-point_format|float]])
! Uncertainty (float)
|-
|Default
|0.7
|0.1
|1.1
|6.0
|-
|Potion, Experience bottle
|0.7
|0.1
|1.375
|3
|-
|Wind charge, fire charge
|1.0
|0.0
|1.0
|6.6666665
|-
|Firework rocket
|0.5000099999997474
|0.0
|0.5
|1.0
|}<section end="initialconditions-dispenser"/>

=== Throwable projectiles (except eye of ender) ===
<section begin="initialconditions-throwable"/>The direction and velocity of throwable projectiles is slightly randomized and affected by the player's movement. More specifically, the game does these calculations in order:
* Get the facing vector of the player, with length 1. For the pitch, this uses the player's pitch plus <code>PITCH</code> (where positive <code>PITCH</code> makes the vector point lower).
* For each axis, add a random (64 bit) number between -0.0172275 and 0.0172275, using a triangular distribution.
* Scale the velocity by <code>POWER</code>.
* Add the player's velocity. If the player is on the ground, the Y component is unaffected.
The result is a shooting speed of around <code>POWER</code> towards where the player is facing, depending on randomness and the player's velocity.
{| class="wikitable sortable" data-description="Power values for throwable projectiles"
|+ Throwable projectile powers
! Projectile
! Power ({{wikipedia|Single-precision floating-point format|float}})
! Pitch (float)
|-
| Snowball, ender pearl, egg
| 1.5
| 0
|-
| Potions
| 0.5
| -20°
|-
| Experience bottle
| 0.7
| -20°
|}<section end="initialconditions-throwable"/>

== Motion ==
{{Main|Entity#Motion}}
{{#lst:Entity|tableheader}}
{{#lst:Entity|projectiles}}
|}
{{notelist}}
{{:Calculators/Projectile motion}}

== Collision ==

Projectiles perform a raycast from their current position to their next position and check for blocks and entities that would get hit.

=== Entity collision ===
{{Work in progress|section=true}}

==== Throwable projectiles ====
<section begin="collision-entity-throwable"/>Throwable projectiles ([[Minecraft:Ender pearl]], [[Minecraft:snowball]], [[Minecraft:egg]], [[Minecraft:potion]], [[Minecraft:experience bottle]], [[Minecraft:eye of ender]]) treat entities as being 0.6 blocks larger than they actually are in every axis (0.3 in every direction). They collide with all living entities, all [[Minecraft:minecart]] types, [[Minecraft:boat]]s, [[Minecraft:end crystal]]s, [[Minecraft:falling block]]s, and [[Minecraft:tnt]].

To calculate the collision, the game uses the following process:
* Make a box from the current tick's position to next tick's position
* Inflate it by 1 in every direction
* Get every entity in the box
* For each entity:
** Inflate it by 0.3 in every direction
** Check if it intersects the line connecting the current position and the next position
** Keep the intersection if it's the closest to the projectile so far, otherwise throw it out<section end="collision-entity-throwable"/>

==== Abstract arrows and abstract hurting projectiles ====
Abstract arrows ([[Minecraft:Arrow]], [[Minecraft:tipped arrow]], [[Minecraft:spectral arrow]], [[Minecraft:trident]]) and abstract hurting projectiles ([[Minecraft:Fireball]], [[Minecraft:dragon fireball]], [[Minecraft:wind charge]], [[Minecraft:wither#wither skull|wither skull]], [[Minecraft:Dangerous Wither Skull|dangerous wither skull]]) use a raycast to calculate entity collisions, and don't inflate entities like ThrowableProjectiles.{{Verify}}

=== Block collisions ===
<section begin="collision-block"/>All blocks collisions are checked using a raycast from the projectile's current position to its next position, which hits the block's collision box, with a few special cases:
* The top of [[Minecraft:scaffolding]] is only hit if the projectile begins its movement below it, because that collision box only exists for entities that are above it.
* [[Minecraft:Wall]]s, [[Minecraft:fence]]s, moving [[Minecraft:piston]]s, the back of piston arms, and other blocks whose collision box extends beyond a full cube are only seen by the projectile if the raycast intersects the full cube space where the block is actually located.
* [[Minecraft:End portal]] blocks and [[Minecraft:exit portal]] blocks have no hard hitbox, so projectiles will only enter if they tick inside the portal blocks.<section end="collision-block"/>

==== Ender pearl specific block collisions ====
<section begin="collision-block-pearl"/>[[File:Ender pearl collision with nether portal.png|thumb|200px|right|alt=An image split in half vertically, with the top half showing the Overworld and the bottom half showing the Nether, both from a top-down view. In both halves, there is an identical setup featuring a command block, 10 blocks placed diagonally up and right representing the velocity of the pearl, and a nether portal (facing such that you can enter from the left) intersecting the path. In the Overworld side the pearl is on the command block and hasn't ticked yet. In the nether side, the pearl is 10 blocks right of the command block, and aligned into the top frame of the portal. This is the position in which it enters the Nether, and it will continue moving up-right from here.|An ender pearl is summoned over a command block in the Overworld with motion [10, 0, 10]. It finds a Nether portal in its path and is sent to the Nether as if it had entered from its final position.]]
* If a pearl hits a [[Minecraft:Nether portal]], it is sent to the Nether. If the pearl would have hit other blocks after the portal, that collision position is used as the position where the pearl entered the portal. Otherwise, the final position it would've ended at is used. See [[Minecraft:Nether portal]] for more details on how entities get placed after going through portals.
* If a pearl hits an [[Minecraft:End gateway]], it teleports the player as if the player had gone into the gateway. The pearl itself is deleted.<section end="collision-block-pearl"/>

== Data values ==
=== ID ===
{{JE}}:
{{ID table
|edition=java
|firstcolumnname=Entity
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Fireball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=fireball
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Small Fireball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=small_fireball
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Dragon Fireball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=dragon_fireball
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Firework Rocket
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=firework_rocket}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Llama Spit
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=llama_spit}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Arrow
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=arrow
|entitytags=arrows, impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Spectral Arrow
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=spectral_arrow
|entitytags=arrows, impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Shulker Bullet
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=shulker_bullet}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Thrown Bottle o' Enchanting
|spritetype=entity
|spritename=Bottle o' Enchanting
|nameid=experience_bottle}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Thrown Egg
|spritetype=entity
|spritename=Egg
|nameid=egg
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Thrown Ender Pearl
|spritetype=entity
|spritename=Ender Pearl
|nameid=ender_pearl}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Eye of Ender
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=eye_of_ender}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Snowball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=snowball
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Splash Potion
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=splash_potion}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Lingering Potion
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=lingering_potion}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Trident
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=trident
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Wind Charge
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=wind_charge
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Wind Charge
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=breeze_wind_charge
|entitytags=impact_projectiles}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Wither Skull
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=wither_skull
|entitytags=impact_projectiles
|foot=1}}

{{BE}}:
{{ID table
|edition=bedrock
|firstcolumnname=Entity
|shownumericids=y
|generatetranslationkeys=y
|displayname=Ice Bomb
|spritename=ice-bomb
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=ice_bomb
|id=106}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Fireball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=large_fireball
|id=85}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Small Fireball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=small_fireball
|id=94}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Dragon Fireball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=dragon_fireball
|id=79}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Firework Rocket
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=fireworks_rocket
|id=79}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Llama Spit
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=llama_spit
|id=102}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Arrow
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=arrow
|id=80}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Shulker Bullet
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=shulker_bullet
|id=76}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Bottle o' Enchanting
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=xp_bottle
|id=68}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Egg
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=egg
|id=82}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Ender Pearl
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=ender_pearl
|id=87}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Eye of Ender
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=eye_of_ender_signal
|id=70}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Snowball
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=snowball
|id=81}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Splash Potion
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=splash_potion
|id=86}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Lingering Potion
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=lingering_potion
|id=101}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Trident
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=thrown_trident
|id=73}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Wind Charge
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=wind_charge_projectile
|id=143}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Wind Charge
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=breeze_wind_charge_projectile
|id=141}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Wither Skull
|spritetype=entity
|nameid=wither_skull
|id=89}}
{{ID table
|displayname=Wither Skull
|spritetype=entity
|spritename=dangerous-wither-skull
|nameid=wither_skull_dangerous
|id=91
|foot=1}}

== History ==
=== ''Java Edition'' ===
{{HistoryTable
|{{HistoryLine|java classic}}
|{{HistoryLine||0.24_SURVIVAL_TEST|Added [[Minecraft:arrow]]s.}}
|{{HistoryLine|java}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.9|dev=15w31a|Projectile motion has now been changed slightly.<ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Minecraft/comments/3f7m2y/minecraft_snowball_projectile_changes_snapshot/</ref>}}
|{{HistoryLine|||dev=15w49a|Projectiles now take the thrower's momentum into account when the player is falling, flying with elytra, or taking knockback; but not when the player is walking, riding an entity, or flying in Creative mode.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.21.6|dev=25w19a|Projectiles now have a target tolerance margin that changes over time.}}
}}

=== ''Bedrock Edition'' ===
{{HistoryTable
|{{HistoryLine|Pocket Edition Alpha}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.3.3|Added [[Minecraft:arrow]]s.}}
|{{HistoryLine|bedrock}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.21.90|dev=Preview 1.21.90.26|Projectiles now have a target tolerance margin that changes over time.}}
}}

=== Legacy Console Edition ===
{{HistoryTable
|{{HistoryLine|console}}
|{{HistoryLine||xbox=TU46|xbone=CU36|ps3=1.38|psvita=1.38|ps4=1.38|wiiu=Patch 15|switch=1.0.1|Projectiles now take the thrower's momentum into account.}}
}}

==Issues==
{{Issue list}}
==See also==
*[[Minecraft:Projectile Protection]] - an [[Minecraft:enchantment]] that reduces damage received from projectiles.

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Navigation==
{{Navbox entities|1=other}}

[[Category:Projectiles| ]]

[[Minecraft:pt:Projétil]]
[[Minecraft:zh:弹射物]]

Minecraft:Projectile - Revision history

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