Minecraft:Trading

File:VillagerGUI 1.14.png

The trading menu Template:In.

File:Bedrock trading interface.png

The trading menu Template:In.

File:Trading and Bartering in Java Edition 26.2.webp

All trades and bartering drops as of Minecraft:Java Edition 26.2.

File:Trading and Bartering in Bedrock Edition 26.30.webp

All trades and bartering drops as of Minecraft:Bedrock Edition 26.30.

Trading is a Minecraft:gameplay mechanic that allows Minecraft:players to exchange Minecraft:emeralds for Minecraft:items, and vice versa, with Minecraft:villagers and Minecraft:wandering traders. Trading can allow the acquisition of items that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to obtain, such as Minecraft:enchanted books with "treasure" enchantments (e.g., Minecraft:Mending), Minecraft:bottles o' enchanting, and Minecraft:chainmail armor.

Mechanics

Pressing Template:Control on an adult Minecraft:villager with a profession, or on a Minecraft:wandering trader, opens a menu, allowing a player to trade with that merchant. This action pauses any pathfinding the merchant was doing and makes it face you. If the merchant takes Minecraft:damage while trading, the trading menu closes. The same thing happens if they walk or are transported far enough away.

All transactions involve Minecraft:emeralds. Trading is the only method of acquiring the Minecraft:globe banner pattern, Minecraft:arrows of Decay,Template:Only as well as all types of Minecraft:explorer maps except Minecraft:buried treasure maps in Minecraft:Survival mode. It is also the only Minecraft:renewable way to obtain Minecraft:bells, Minecraft:diamond gear,<ref group="note">Technically, diamond armor (not other types of diamond gear) can also be obtained renewably from zombies and skeletons; however, these mobs only have a 0.04% (Template:Frac) chance to spawn with diamond armor, rendering this an extremely impractical way to obtain such armor. Additionally, Minecraft:ominous trial spawners can spawn zombies, skeletons and their variants with a 1/7 chance to spawn with diamond armor with the flow armor trim, and in Template:BE, these mobs have an 8.5% chance to drop the armor when they die, or a 100% chance to drop the armor when Minecraft:husks or zombies, convert to zombies or Minecraft:drowned, respectively.</ref> Minecraft:lapis lazuli,Template:Only Minecraft:bottles o' enchanting, Minecraft:glass, Minecraft:sand, Minecraft:red sand, Minecraft:coral blocks, and Minecraft:small dripleaves.

Level

Villagers have five career levels that can be increased by trading with them. Each villager starts at the novice level. A villager's level can be seen in the trading menu. The badge that a villager wears can also be identified: stone for a novice, iron for an apprentice, gold for a journeyman, emerald for an expert, and diamond for a master. Trading until the villager's trading bar gets full unlocks the next level of trades. When a player trades with a villager, both the villager and the player gain Minecraft:experience. All villager trades reward the player with 3–6 Minecraft:experience plus an additional 5 experience if the villager levels up with the trade. Trading with a wandering trader also rewards the player with some experience, although the trader does not have experience levels to gain. A villager levels up when its experience bar becomes full and gains up to twoTemplate:Only or threeTemplate:Only new trades and retains its existing trades.

When a villager levels up its profession, it receives 10 seconds of Minecraft:Regeneration I (totaling to Template:Hp of restoration), which emits pink particles. The villager also emits green plus-shaped particles.

Trades from the master level would still reward the villager with experience, but it has no actual effect as the villager can't level up any further.

Each badge is 2×3 pixels except the novice (stone) badge, which is 4×4 pixels.

Level	Badge	Name	Total villager experience required
1	File:Villager badge Novice.png	Novice	0
2	File:Villager badge Apprentice.png	Apprentice	10
3	File:Villager badge Journeyman.png	Journeyman	70
4	File:Villager badge Expert.png	Expert	150
5	File:Villager badge Master.png	Master	250

Template:IN, villagers have a maximum of 10 trades. Each level unlocks a maximum of two new trades. If a level has a pool of more than two trades, the two offered trades are chosen randomly from the set. For example, a novice farmer randomly picks 2 out of 5 possible trades (buy wheat, buy potatoes, buy carrots, buy beetroots, or sell bread). Master librarians are currently the only exception, as they pick 3 trades; this is visible when only the Minecraft:Villager Trade Rebalance experiment is enabled, as the default pool contains only two possible choices so those two trades are offered.

Template:IN, each level unlocks 1, 2 or 3 trade slots; the amount of slots unlocked is fixed and depends on the profession and its level. Overall, villagers have 7–10 trade slots. For each slot, one trade is chosen randomly from a pool. For example, a novice farmer has two trade slots: for the first slot, it picks 1 out of 4 possible trades (buy wheat, buy potatoes, buy carrots or buy beetroots); for the second slot, only 1 trade is available (sell bread), so it is always offered. Cartographers are currently the only exception; for the apprentice, journeyman, and expert levels 2 trades are randomly chosen from the respective pools without being bound to specific trade slots.

A villager's Minecraft:profession dictates the trading pool used to determine its trades. For example, villagers wearing straw hats are farmers, so their trades are based on the Farmer trade pool. Each profession unlocks a predefined and finite set of offers. Different professions are assigned to each villager based on their job-site block. This profession is indicated by their appearance and in the trading interface. Novice villagers who have not traded can lose their profession and change back into unemployed villagers if their claimed job site block is removed. Removing and then replacing a job site block can alter the trades offered, and a villager with no experience resets its trades every so often. Once a player trades with a villager, the villager keeps its profession forever and subsequently locks in the offered trades.

Trades

Each trade can be used a maximum number of times, after which the villager runs out of stock, and the trade becomes disabled. The exact number is different for each item and referenced in the tables below. When villagers work at their Minecraft:job site blocks, they activate their offers again, up to twice per day. Template:IN, villagers need to be linked to a bed to restock their trades (it is not necessary for them to sleep, but they require a bed nearby). When an offer is disabled, a red "X" appears in the trading interface Template:In, or the trading slot becomes red Template:In, and the villager displays the same particle effect as an offer being created.

When buying items from players, villagers ignore additional item data; this allows, for example, selling renamed or enchanted items, as well as Minecraft:lodestone compasses instead of regular Minecraft:compasses Template:In. When the Minecraft:Villager Trade Rebalance experiment is enabled, taiga armorers can also accept armor of any durability.

Sale prices

All price fluctuations affect only the first item involved in trade; for example, for an initial trade of 32 sticks for 1 emerald, the price might be driven down to 1 stick or up to 64 sticks for 1 emerald, but never for 2 emeralds. Additionally, no quantity can go lower than 1 or higher than the stack size.

How strongly demand and reputation affect the price is determined by the price multiplier. The discount from the Hero of the Village effect does not use the price multiplier.

Demand is tracked per item and is initially minus two times the number of times the villager has the trade in stock. Villagers restock twice per day, at which point they subtract the number of possible purchases before running out of stock and add twice the number of actually made purchases. When the demand becomes positive, the price is increased by the initial price times the price multiplier times the demand, rounded down.

Reputation is tracked per player by each villager, though villagers can share the reputation of players. Negative reputation gives price penaltiesTemplate:Only and positive reputation gives price discounts. Minecraft:Curing a zombie villager gives permanent major positive reputation, trading gives temporary positive reputation, and attacking or killing villagers gives temporary negative reputation. The price is decreased by the price multiplier times the reputation, rounded down, though it can result in an overall price increase only in Java Edition.

The Minecraft:Hero of the Village effect, gained from completing a raid, reduces the price of all villagers by 30% and 6.25% per additional level, both being of to the initial price, giving 55% at level V. This price reduction is rounded down to whole items, but is at least 1.

The formula for the full price can be written as:

<math>\text{Final Price}=\min\left(\max\left(\left\lfloor p\cdot \left(m\cdot \max\left(0,d\right)+1\right)\right\rfloor-\left\lfloor m\cdot r\right\rfloor-\max\left(1,\left\lfloor p\cdot \left(0.3\cdot\sgn\left(h\right)+0.0625\cdot \left(h-1\right)\right)\right\rfloor\right),1\right),\text{Stack Size}\right)</math>Template:Only

<math>\text{Final Price}=\min\left(\max\left(\left\lfloor p\cdot \left(m\cdot \max\left(0,d\right)+1\right)\right\rfloor-\left\lfloor m\cdot \max\left(0,r\right)\right\rfloor-\max\left(1,\left\lfloor p\cdot \left(0.3\cdot\sgn\left(h\right)+0.0625\cdot \left(h-1\right)\right)\right\rfloor\right),1\right),\text{Stack Size}\right)</math>Template:Only

where <math>p</math> is the initial price, <math>m</math> is the price multiplier, <math>d</math> is the demand, <math>r</math> is the reputation and <math>h</math> is the Hero of the Village level.

Non-trading villagers

If the player attempts to trade with a non-trading villager Template:In, it grunts and bobs its head, but if the player tries to do the same thing Template:In, nothing happens.

Nitwit

File:Nitwit refusing.gif

A plains nitwit bobbing its head while trying to interact with it.Template:Only

Nitwits are green-coated villagers that cannot gain a profession.

While they can be used for breeding, it is impossible to get a baby nitwit by breeding adult nitwits.

When baby villagers grow up they have a one in ten chance to grow into a nitwit.Template:Only

When a nitwit gets zombified and then cured, it becomes an unemployed villager.Template:Only

Unemployed villager

File:Villager refusing.gif

An unemployed plains villager bobbing its head while trying to interact with it.Template:Only

Villagers without a job do not trade; they just wear their biome outfits. An unemployed villager gains a profession by claiming an unclaimed Minecraft:job site block. For example, an unclaimed Minecraft:cartography table converts an unemployed villager into a cartographer when the villager claims it, and both the villager and the table emit green particles. An inaccessible (or destroyed) job site block causes the connected villager to lose its profession, but that does not affect the player's Minecraft:popularity in the village.

Baby villagers

The appearance of baby villagers is similar to the corresponding adult unemployed villagers. They can't get a job or trade. Template:IN, they can grow up into nitwits.

Trade offers

Template:IN, at each level, including Novice, two additional trades become available, unless there is only one trade within that level. If there are more than two possible trades, two are randomly selected.

Template:IN, there are separate possible trades for each of the up to two slots, and a random trade is selected for each.

Armorer

File:Plains Armorer.png

An armorer.

Template:EntityLink trade various foundry and armor items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Butcher

File:Plains Butcher.png

A butcher.

Template:EntityLink trade meat and some other food items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Cartographer

File:Plains Cartographer.png

A cartographer.

Template:EntityLink trade maps and related items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Cleric

Template:EntityLink trade magic items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink.

File:Plains Cleric.png

A cleric.

Farmer

File:Plains Farmer.png

A farmer.

Template:EntityLink trade crops and natural foods. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Fisherman

File:Plains Fisherman.png

A fisherman.

Template:EntityLink trade fishing-related items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Fletcher

File:Plains Fletcher.png

A fletcher.

Template:EntityLink trade archery-related items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Leatherworker

File:Plains Leatherworker.png

A leatherworker.

Template:EntityLink trade animal products, including leather-related items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Librarian

File:Plains Librarian.png

A librarian.

Template:EntityLink trade book-related items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Mason

File:Plains Mason.png

A mason.

Template:EntityLink trade various types of stone. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Shepherd

File:Plains Shepherd.png

A shepherd.

Template:EntityLink trade wool and dyed items. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Toolsmith

File:Plains Toolsmith.png

A toolsmith.

Template:EntityLink trade tools and related materials. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Weaponsmith

File:Plains Weaponsmith.png

A weaponsmith.

Template:EntityLink trade weapons and related materials. Their job site block is the Template:BlockLink. Template:Profession trades

Wandering Trader offers

File:Wandering Trader.png

Wandering Trader

The Minecraft:wandering trader offers nine trades in total: two random trades from the purchasing table, two random trades from the special selling table, and five random trades from the ordinary selling table. These trades are not divided into categories; for example, a single wandering trader can sell 2 different saplings. Each trade is equally likely.Template:Verify

In the trading GUI, the trade offers are always listed in this order:

• 2 purchasing trades
• 2 special selling trades
• 5 ordinary selling trades

Notes

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History

Trivia

• While diamonds are not renewable (except via vault, which is impractical in normal gameplay), many of their products (armor, tools, and weapons) are renewable through trading.
• If the price of an item is set to a number above a stack with commands or other means, the price is discounted down to a stack again. Additionally, if the amount of an offered item exceeds a stack, up to 99, only one stack is sold when buying. If an offers amount is set to more than 99 it reverts to 1 of the item offered.

Gallery

Renders

• An unemployed Minecraft:villager refuses a player trying to trade.
  An unemployed Minecraft:villager refuses a player trying to trade.
• A Minecraft:nitwit villager refuses a player trying to trade.
  A Minecraft:nitwit villager refuses a player trying to trade.
• A villager presenting their Minecraft:emeralds.
  A villager presenting their Minecraft:emeralds.

Screenshots

• The trading menu before Minecraft:Bedrock Edition 1.11.0.
  The trading menu before Minecraft:Bedrock Edition 1.11.0.
• Trading options of a master-level weaponsmith.
  Trading options of a master-level weaponsmith.

Development images

• The first image of the trading system released by Jeb. The currency item (later updated to the Minecraft:emerald) can be seen in the inventory.
  The first image of the trading system released by Jeb. The currency item (later updated to the Minecraft:emerald) can be seen in the inventory.
• An enhanced version of Jeb's screenshot showing the original ore texture more clearly.
  An enhanced version of Jeb's screenshot showing the original ore texture more clearly.

See also

• Minecraft:Bartering
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External links

• Template:Mcnet