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Minecraft:Multiplayer: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Multiplayer_preview.png|thumb|From left to right: [[Kai]], [[Minecraft:Steve]], [[Minecraft:Efe]], and [[Minecraft:Zuri]] playing together.]]
[[File:Multiplayer_preview.png|thumb|From left to right: [[Kai]], Steve, [[Minecraft:Efe]], and Zuri playing together.]]
'''Multiplayer''' is the style of playing ''[[Minecraft:Minecraft]]'' that involves multiple [[Minecraft:player]]s interacting on a single [[Minecraft:world]] hosted by a player or an external [[Minecraft:server]], allowing them to work together to mine [[Minecraft:ores]], build structures, and fight [[Minecraft:mobs]] (or [[Minecraft:PvP|each other]]), or to simply play together.
'''Multiplayer''' is the style of playing ''Minecraft'' that involves multiple players interacting on a single world hosted by a player or an external [[Minecraft:server]], allowing them to work together to mine ores, build structures, and fight mobs (or each other), or to simply play together.


== Gameplay ==
== Gameplay ==
{{See also|Server#Archetypes}}
{{See also|Server#Archetypes}}
The [[Minecraft:gameplay]] of a multiplayer game still retains the same structure as the singleplayer counterpart. Take for example, in a [[Minecraft:Survival]] multiplayer game, players advance by gathering [[Minecraft:resource]]s, fighting [[Minecraft:monster]]s, exploring the [[Minecraft:world]], and reaching [[Minecraft:the End]]. However, multiplayer puts more emphasis on collaboration between players. Tasks such as resource gathering, [[Minecraft:farming]], and building [[Minecraft:structure]]s can be divided among players, making progression much faster compared to a singleplayer game.
The gameplay of a multiplayer game still retains the same structure as the singleplayer counterpart. Take for example, in a Survival multiplayer game, players advance by gathering resources, fighting [[Minecraft:monster]]s, exploring the world, and reaching [[Minecraft:the End]]. However, multiplayer puts more emphasis on collaboration between players. Tasks such as resource gathering, farming, and building [[Minecraft:structure]]s can be divided among players, making progression much faster compared to a singleplayer game.


Multiplayer allows for [[Minecraft:player]]-driven activities beyond the main game objectives. Players often establish [[Minecraft:w:Virtual economy|in-game economy]] by building shops to trade valuable resources like [[Minecraft:diamond]]s and [[Minecraft:enchanted]] items. They can also engage in elaborate building for their homes and structures, such as {{w|house}}s, {{w|bridge}}s, {{w|castle}}s, {{w|pixel art}}s, {{w|statue}}s, and more – usually forming into {{w|town}}s or {{w|cities}}.
Multiplayer allows for player-driven activities beyond the main game objectives. Players often establish in-game economy by building shops to trade valuable resources like [[Minecraft:diamond]]s and enchanted items. They can also engage in elaborate building for their homes and structures, such as {{w|house}}s, {{w|bridge}}s, {{w|castle}}s, {{w|pixel art}}s, {{w|statue}}s, and more – usually forming into {{w|town}}s or {{w|cities}}.


Multiplayer games can also deviate from the base game experience; competitive games like [[Minecraft:player versus player]] (PvP) and many [[Minecraft:Server#Minigame|minigame]]s are heavily community-based. In addition, most custom adventure [[Minecraft:World|map]]s are also playable in multiplayer. These activities often rely on the [[Minecraft:chat]] system for communication between players, which can be managed on the [[Minecraft:Social interactions]] screen.{{Only|java}} There are various communication tools within the multiplayer chat using commands such as {{Cmd|msg}} for private messaging, and the host of the world can change multiplayer settings.
Multiplayer games can also deviate from the base game experience; competitive games like player versus player (PvP) and many [[Minecraft:Server#Minigame|minigame]]s are heavily community-based. In addition, most custom adventure maps are also playable in multiplayer. These activities often rely on the chat system for communication between players, which can be managed on the [[Minecraft:Social interactions]] screen.{{Only|java}} There are various communication tools within the multiplayer chat using commands such as {{Cmd|msg}} for private messaging, and the host of the world can change multiplayer settings.


=== Differences from singleplayer ===
=== Differences from singleplayer ===
The game runs an internal [[Minecraft:server]] for singleplayer mode, allowing for better parity between the multiplayer and singleplayer experience. However, there are still some differences between a multiplayer and singleplayer game, one being that the game cannot be [[Minecraft:pause]]d by a player.
The game runs an internal [[Minecraft:server]] for singleplayer mode, allowing for better parity between the multiplayer and singleplayer experience. However, there are still some differences between a multiplayer and singleplayer game, one being that the game cannot be paused by a player.


Opening the pause menu in multiplayer does not pause the game. For example, if the player has items being [[Minecraft:smelt]]ed in a furnace, pressing the pause button ({{key|Esc}} by default) does not stop the smelting process. [[Minecraft:Mob]]s and entities don't pause and continue to work regardless, and even attacking the player. Although, in {{JE}}, server [[Minecraft:operator]]s can simulate pausing by using {{cmd|tick freeze}} command. In this state, non-player characters and interactions such as [[Minecraft:physics]], [[Minecraft:Daylight cycle|daylight]] and [[Minecraft:weather]] cycle, [[Minecraft:mob AI]] and movements, item [[Minecraft:smelting]], certain [[Minecraft:animation]]s, and other [[Minecraft:Tick#Game process|actions]] are frozen. Players and player-ridden entities are still able to continue play, regardless if they are operator status or not.
Opening the pause menu in multiplayer does not pause the game. For example, if the player has items being smelted in a furnace, pressing the pause button ({{key|Esc}} by default) does not stop the smelting process. [[Minecraft:Mob]]s and entities don't pause and continue to work regardless, and even attacking the player. Although, in {{JE}}, server operators can simulate pausing by using {{cmd|tick freeze}} command. In this state, non-player characters and interactions such as physics, daylight and weather cycle, mob AI and movements, item smelting, certain animations, and other [[Minecraft:Tick#Game process|actions]] are frozen. Players and player-ridden entities are still able to continue play, regardless if they are operator status or not.


In multiplayer mode, the [[Minecraft:locator bar]] is enabled and keeps track of other players' waypoints. This is absent in singleplayer, though {{in|JE}}, it can be enabled manually for tracking [[Minecraft:entities]] using {{cmd|waypoint}} command and {{attr|waypoint_transmit_range}} attribute.
In multiplayer mode, the locator bar is enabled and keeps track of other players' waypoints. This is absent in singleplayer, though {{in|JE}}, it can be enabled manually for tracking entities using {{cmd|waypoint}} command and {{attr|waypoint_transmit_range}} attribute.


== Multiplayer worlds ==
== Multiplayer worlds ==
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===''Java Edition''===
===''Java Edition''===
[[File:Open to LAN.jpg|thumbnail|right|300px|Settings for a multiplayer game on local area network (LAN).]]
[[File:Open to LAN.jpg|thumbnail|right|300px|Settings for a multiplayer game on local area network (LAN).]]
{{IN|JE}}, singleplayer worlds can be hosted as multiplayer games on the {{w|local area network}} (LAN), usually connected by {{w|Wi-Fi}} or {{w|Router (computing)|router}}. LAN is not enabled by default, and must be activated on "Open to LAN" menu under the [[Minecraft:pause menu]]. Upon activation, the multiplayer game provides additional settings:
{{IN|JE}}, singleplayer worlds can be hosted as multiplayer games on the {{w|local area network}} (LAN), usually connected by {{w|Wi-Fi}} or {{w|Router (computing)|router}}. LAN is not enabled by default, and must be activated on "Open to LAN" menu under the pause menu. Upon activation, the multiplayer game provides additional settings:
* "Game Mode", which sets the [[Minecraft:game mode]] of other players once they join the world for the first time. Once a player rejoins, they retain their previous game mode even if the game mode on join was changed.  
* "Game Mode", which sets the game mode of other players once they join the world for the first time. Once a player rejoins, they retain their previous game mode even if the game mode on join was changed.  
* "Allow Commands", which allows or denies other players access to execute [[Minecraft:command]]s depending on the selected option. Once a player rejoins, they do not retain their cheats permissions unless enabled again.
* "Allow Commands", which allows or denies other players access to execute commands depending on the selected option. Once a player rejoins, they do not retain their cheats permissions unless enabled again.
* "Port Number", which specifies the port number for the LAN-based server. If not specified, the game randomizes the server port. The port is automatically shown on the chat when the LAN game is activated.
* "Port Number", which specifies the port number for the LAN-based server. If not specified, the game randomizes the server port. The port is automatically shown on the chat when the LAN game is activated.


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===''Bedrock Edition''===
===''Bedrock Edition''===
[[File:Ore UI - Create New World Screen Menu "Multiplayer" Tab Settings (Bedrock).png|thumbnail|right|380px|"Multiplayer" section of [[Create New World#Multiplayer|Create New World]] or [[Minecraft:Edit World#Multiplayer|Edit World]] which lets player customize their multiplayer game.]]
[[File:Ore UI - Create New World Screen Menu "Multiplayer" Tab Settings (Bedrock).png|thumbnail|right|380px|"Multiplayer" section of [[Create New World#Multiplayer|Create New World]] or Edit World which lets player customize their multiplayer game.]]
{{IN|BE}}, the game features multiplayer connections using local area network (LAN) and ''Minecraft''<nowiki/>'s [[Minecraft:social]] system within the {{w|Xbox network}}. When signed in with a Microsoft account and connected to the internet, the host can let players join their game by invites or their friend status in the Xbox network. Multiplayer game is enabled by default upon a [[Minecraft:world creation]], which can be changed in the [[Minecraft:edit world]] screen.
{{IN|BE}}, the game features multiplayer connections using local area network (LAN) and ''Minecraft''<nowiki/>'s [[Minecraft:social]] system within the {{w|Xbox network}}. When signed in with a Microsoft account and connected to the internet, the host can let players join their game by invites or their friend status in the Xbox network. Multiplayer game is enabled by default upon a world creation, which can be changed in the edit world screen.


The multiplayer game visibility in the Xbox network can be changed in {{UI|Edit World|Multiplayer|Player access}}, which provides following options:
The multiplayer game visibility in the Xbox network can be changed in {{UI|Edit World|Multiplayer|Player access}}, which provides following options:
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* "Friends of friends", which allows the host's Xbox friends and their friends to join them.
* "Friends of friends", which allows the host's Xbox friends and their friends to join them.


A friend's multiplayer game in the Xbox network appears on the "Worlds" tab of the [[Minecraft:play]] screen, showing the world name and amount of active players. Individual players can also be joined through the [[Minecraft:Friends sidebar|social drawer]] or the player's [[Minecraft:profile screen]]. Friends can be invited to a world with the "Invite to play" button in the social drawer in the [[Minecraft:pause menu]], who will get a notification (even when not in-game), and the option to join the world.
A friend's multiplayer game in the Xbox network appears on the "Worlds" tab of the play screen, showing the world name and amount of active players. Individual players can also be joined through the social drawer or the player's profile screen. Friends can be invited to a world with the "Invite to play" button in the social drawer in the pause menu, who will get a notification (even when not in-game), and the option to join the world.


The host can set specific [[Minecraft:permissions]] for each player in the game. By default, a player upon joining gets "Member" role, which enables mining, building, and interacting with the world and entities. This can be set in the multiplayer settings, which provides "Visitor" and "Operator" roles, and further more on the player permissions screen in the pause menu, which provides more granular and custom permissions. The host can also kick active players from the multiplayer world, or ban them to hide the world for them.
The host can set specific permissions for each player in the game. By default, a player upon joining gets "Member" role, which enables mining, building, and interacting with the world and entities. This can be set in the multiplayer settings, which provides "Visitor" and "Operator" roles, and further more on the player permissions screen in the pause menu, which provides more granular and custom permissions. The host can also kick active players from the multiplayer world, or ban them to hide the world for them.


The "Visible to LAN Players" option allows anyone (except Nintendo Switch players) on the same local network (either by {{w|Wi-Fi hotspot}} or [[Minecraft:w:Router (computing)|router]]) as the host to join them, regardless if they are an Xbox friend of the host or not, and does not require any internet connection.
The "Visible to LAN Players" option allows anyone (except Nintendo Switch players) on the same local network (either by {{w|Wi-Fi hotspot}} or router) as the host to join them, regardless if they are an Xbox friend of the host or not, and does not require any internet connection.


On console versions, playing a multiplayer game requires an online subscription of either {{w|Xbox Game Pass}}, {{w|Nintendo Switch Online}}, or {{w|PlayStation Plus}}.<ref>{{cite|title=How to Join a Friend’s Online World in Minecraft: Bedrock Edition|website=Minecraft Help Center|url=https://help.minecraft.net/hc/en-us/articles/24122512131213}}</ref> This includes joining a LAN multiplayer game; hosting it however, does not.
On console versions, playing a multiplayer game requires an online subscription of either {{w|Xbox Game Pass}}, {{w|Nintendo Switch Online}}, or {{w|PlayStation Plus}}.<ref>{{cite|title=How to Join a Friend’s Online World in Minecraft: Bedrock Edition|website=Minecraft Help Center|url=https://help.minecraft.net/hc/en-us/articles/24122512131213}}</ref> This includes joining a LAN multiplayer game; hosting it however, does not.
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[[File:Ore UI - Play Screen Menu "Servers" Tab - Featured Servers (Bedrock).png|thumb|right|The server list in ''Bedrock Edition'', which [[Featured servers|features partnered servers]].]]
[[File:Ore UI - Play Screen Menu "Servers" Tab - Featured Servers (Bedrock).png|thumb|right|The server list in ''Bedrock Edition'', which [[Featured servers|features partnered servers]].]]
}}
}}
[[Minecraft:Server]] is a standalone software that allows players to host a ''Minecraft'' world outside the normal [[Minecraft:Client software|game software]]. In order to join a ''Minecraft'' server, the game includes a menu where players can join a server, and save the ones they've visited. This feature is called the '''server list''', and it's available inside the Multiplayer menu,{{only|JE|short=1}} or the Servers tab on the [[Minecraft:Play menu]].{{only|BE|short=1}} From the list, players can check if a server is online, check their {{w|Ping (video games)|ping time}} to the server, and see how many players are in the game. {{IN|BE}}, the server list includes [[Minecraft:featured servers]] which are partnered with [[Minecraft:Mojang Studios]]. In the console versions, the featured servers are the only servers available to the players, and external servers cannot be added or accessed.
[[Minecraft:Server]] is a standalone software that allows players to host a ''Minecraft'' world outside the normal game software. In order to join a ''Minecraft'' server, the game includes a menu where players can join a server, and save the ones they've visited. This feature is called the '''server list''', and it's available inside the Multiplayer menu,{{only|JE|short=1}} or the Servers tab on the Play menu.{{only|BE|short=1}} From the list, players can check if a server is online, check their {{w|Ping (video games)|ping time}} to the server, and see how many players are in the game. {{IN|BE}}, the server list includes [[Minecraft:featured servers]] which are partnered with Mojang Studios. In the console versions, the featured servers are the only servers available to the players, and external servers cannot be added or accessed.


Worlds hosted on servers can also be joined through LAN play as described above. Servers cannot be joined through the Xbox network in ''Bedrock Edition''.
Worlds hosted on servers can also be joined through LAN play as described above. Servers cannot be joined through the Xbox network in ''Bedrock Edition''.


The [[Minecraft:Official Minecraft Server List]] by GamerSafer and Mojang features a variety of servers for the player to choose, which are categorized into options such as [[Minecraft:minigame]]s, [[Minecraft:SMP]]s, and [[Minecraft:creative]] builds.<!-- Copy from [[Minecraft:Official Minecraft Server List#Servers]] --> All servers listed on the website are required to comply with [https://aka.ms/MCUsageGuidelines Minecraft Usage Guidelines] (MUG) and [https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/eula End-user license agreement] (EULA), and have been vetted by both GamerSafer and the [https://x.com/IP_Justice Mojang Enforcement Team].<!-- Copy from [[Minecraft:Server list#Official Minecraft Server List]] -->
The Official Minecraft Server List by GamerSafer and Mojang features a variety of servers for the player to choose, which are categorized into options such as minigames, SMPs, and creative builds.<!-- Copy from Official Minecraft Server List --> All servers listed on the website are required to comply with [https://aka.ms/MCUsageGuidelines Minecraft Usage Guidelines] (MUG) and [https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/eula End-user license agreement] (EULA), and have been vetted by both GamerSafer and the [https://x.com/IP_Justice Mojang Enforcement Team].<!-- Copy from [[Minecraft:Server list#Official Minecraft Server List]] -->


== Realms ==
== Realms ==
{{Main|Realms}}
{{Main|Realms}}
Players can pay a subscription service to create their own private ''Minecraft'' server which is always online. This service is called ''Realms'', and it is provided by [[Minecraft:Mojang Studios]] on {{els|je|be}}. Realms are not available in the server list, players can join Realms only if they're invited by the Realm owner. Realms provides several exclusive features included in the subscription.
Players can pay a subscription service to create their own private ''Minecraft'' server which is always online. This service is called ''Realms'', and it is provided by Mojang Studios on {{els|je|be}}. Realms are not available in the server list, players can join Realms only if they're invited by the Realm owner. Realms provides several exclusive features included in the subscription.


== Player list ==
== Player list ==
=== ''Java Edition'' ===
=== ''Java Edition'' ===
Players can see a list of players in the server by holding down {{key|Tab}} key, which is [[Minecraft:Controls|bound]] to List Players by default. For each player, the face part of their [[Minecraft:skin]] is shown alongside their [[Minecraft:username]], and on the right, a network bar indicator that shows how good the player's connection to the server; when more green bar is filled in the indicator, the lower [[Minecraft:w:Lag_(video_games)#Ping_time|ping time]] the player has. If a scoreboard objective is set to the {{cd|list}} [[Minecraft:Scoreboard#Display_slots|display slot]], the player's score for that objective is shown to the left of the network indicator. Players in spectator mode have a grayed out and italicised username.
Players can see a list of players in the server by holding down {{key|Tab}} key, which is bound to List Players by default. For each player, the face part of their skin is shown alongside their username, and on the right, a network bar indicator that shows how good the player's connection to the server; when more green bar is filled in the indicator, the lower ping time the player has. If a scoreboard objective is set to the {{cd|list}} display slot, the player's score for that objective is shown to the left of the network indicator. Players in spectator mode have a grayed out and italicised username.


{| class="wikitable pixel-image"
{| class="wikitable pixel-image"
|+ Meaning of ping icons<ref>The player list implementation can be seen on {{jcp|net.minecraft.client.gui.components.PlayerTabOverlay}} class in the game's code. ([[Minecraft:Obfuscation map|Mojang mapping]])</ref>
|+ Meaning of ping icons<ref>The player list implementation can be seen on {{jcp|net.minecraft.client.gui.components.PlayerTabOverlay}} class in the game's code. (Mojang mapping)</ref>
|-
|-
! Icon !! Player's ping time
! Icon !! Player's ping time
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|}
|}


The ping time (or latency) is calculated by {{math|(previous latency * 3 + client round trip time) / 4}}, which the ''client round trip time'' is calculated from subtracting the current system time by milliseconds with the [[Minecraft:Java Edition protocol/Packets#Clientbound Keep Alive (configuration)|client keep alive time]].<ref>The calculation can be checked on {{jcp|net.minecraft.server.network.ServerCommonPacketListenerImpl#handleKeepAlive()}} method. (Mojang mapping)</ref> If no previous latency is set, then the initial latency is zero.
The ping time (or latency) is calculated by {{math|(previous latency * 3 + client round trip time) / 4}}, which the ''client round trip time'' is calculated from subtracting the current system time by milliseconds with the client keep alive time.<ref>The calculation can be checked on {{jcp|net.minecraft.server.network.ServerCommonPacketListenerImpl#handleKeepAlive()}} method. (Mojang mapping)</ref> If no previous latency is set, then the initial latency is zero.


{{notelist}}
{{notelist}}
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=== ''Bedrock Edition'' ===
=== ''Bedrock Edition'' ===
[[File:Ore UI - Game Menu - Social Drawer Screen Menu (Bedrock).png|thumb|The social drawer in the game menu]]
[[File:Ore UI - Game Menu - Social Drawer Screen Menu (Bedrock).png|thumb|The social drawer in the game menu]]
Online players in the server can be seen in [[Minecraft:social drawer]] in the [[Minecraft:Game Menu|game menu]] (opened with {{Keys|F4}} or the bound key). Each player is shown with their [[Minecraft:player permission]], and their Xbox profile picture, allowing to open the [[Minecraft:profile]] and change social settings. If a scoreboard objective is set to the {{cd|list}} [[Minecraft:Scoreboard#Display_slots|display slot]], the player's score for that objective is shown here.
Online players in the server can be seen in social drawer in the game menu (opened with {{Keys|F4}} or the bound key). Each player is shown with their player permission, and their Xbox profile picture, allowing to open the profile and change social settings. If a scoreboard objective is set to the {{cd|list}} display slot, the player's score for that objective is shown here.


== Parties ==
== Parties ==
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|The server now logs what admin does what and broadcasts any admin events to all connected ops.
|The server now logs what admin does what and broadcasts any admin events to all connected ops.
|{{cmd|save-off}} now works.}}
|{{cmd|save-off}} now works.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.0.17|[[Minecraft:Chicken]]s, [[Minecraft:pig]]s and [[Minecraft:slime]]s can now spawn.
|{{HistoryLine||v1.0.17|Chickens, [[Minecraft:pig]]s and slimes can now spawn.
|The daylight cycle now works.}}
|The daylight cycle now works.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.1.0|[[Minecraft:Chest]]s, [[Minecraft:sign]]s and [[Minecraft:furnace]]s now work.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.1.0|[[Minecraft:Chest]]s, [[Minecraft:sign]]s and [[Minecraft:furnace]]s now work.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.1|Music now plays in multiplayer.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.1|Music now plays in multiplayer.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.2|Vehicles are now functional.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.2|Vehicles are now functional.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.3|[[Minecraft:Health]] and [[Minecraft:damage]] are now functional.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.3|Health and damage are now functional.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.3_05|Other players are shown as [[Minecraft:sneaking]] when they are [[Minecraft:sneaking]].
|{{HistoryLine||v1.2.3_05|Other players are shown as sneaking when they are sneaking.
|Names of sneaking players are now fainter and visible at shorter distances, and are not visible through solid blocks.}}
|Names of sneaking players are now fainter and visible at shorter distances, and are not visible through solid blocks.}}
|{{HistoryLine|java beta}}
|{{HistoryLine|java beta}}
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|[[Minecraft:Painting]]s now work.}}
|[[Minecraft:Painting]]s now work.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.3|Players standing on [[Minecraft:fence]]s no longer get stuck.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.3|Players standing on [[Minecraft:fence]]s no longer get stuck.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.4|"Ghost" client-sided [[Minecraft:slime]]s no longer spawn.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.4|"Ghost" client-sided slimes no longer spawn.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.5|[[Minecraft:Wolves]] no longer constantly whimper when they have full health.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.5|Wolves no longer constantly whimper when they have full health.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.6|dev=Test Build 3|[[Minecraft:The Nether]] now works in multiplayer.
|{{HistoryLine||1.6|dev=Test Build 3|[[Minecraft:The Nether]] now works in multiplayer.
|[[Minecraft:Dispenser]]s now emit smoke and play sounds when used.
|[[Minecraft:Dispenser]]s now emit smoke and play sounds when used.
|Fixed fake client-sided [[Minecraft:music discs]] spawned when ejecting them from a [[Minecraft:jukebox]].
|Fixed fake client-sided music discs spawned when ejecting them from a [[Minecraft:jukebox]].
|New settings in Server.properties: <code>view-distance</code> and <code>allow-nether</code>.}}
|New settings in Server.properties: <code>view-distance</code> and <code>allow-nether</code>.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.7.3|Modded clients can no longer edit text of placed [[Minecraft:sign]]s.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.7.3|Modded clients can no longer edit text of placed [[Minecraft:sign]]s.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.8|dev=Pre-release|[[Minecraft:Ghast]] attack sounds in multiplayer have been fixed.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.8|dev=Pre-release|Ghast attack sounds in multiplayer have been fixed.}}
|{{HistoryLine|java}}
|{{HistoryLine|java}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.0.1|dev=release|Fixed "Invalid server key" error when attempting to log into server.
|{{HistoryLine||1.0.1|dev=release|Fixed "Invalid server key" error when attempting to log into server.
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|{{HistoryLine||1.1|dev=11w49a|Corrected a {{cd|setTileEntity}} multiplayer bug.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.1|dev=11w49a|Corrected a {{cd|setTileEntity}} multiplayer bug.}}
|{{HistoryLine|||dev=?|It is now possible to enter colored text in the chat.}}
|{{HistoryLine|||dev=?|It is now possible to enter colored text in the chat.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.2.1|dev=12w06a|It is no longer possible to enter colored text in multiplayer's chat with the vanilla [[Minecraft:Stand alone client|client]].
|{{HistoryLine||1.2.1|dev=12w06a|It is no longer possible to enter colored text in multiplayer's chat with the vanilla client.
|[[Minecraft:Monster spawners]] now show the correct mob inside them.
|Monster spawners now show the correct mob inside them.
|[[Minecraft:Mob]] hitboxes have been fixed (it is now possible to hit their legs).}}
|[[Minecraft:Mob]] hitboxes have been fixed (it is now possible to hit their legs).}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.2.4|Added a chat history.
|{{HistoryLine||1.2.4|Added a chat history.
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|Action bar messages are always shown. Chat and system messages are now only shown if chat settings are configured that way.
|Action bar messages are always shown. Chat and system messages are now only shown if chat settings are configured that way.
|Some instances of usernames in the chat do now show the player's UUID when hovered on when debug tooltips are enabled.}}
|Some instances of usernames in the chat do now show the player's UUID when hovered on when debug tooltips are enabled.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.9|dev=15w37a|Previously, [[Minecraft:Hardcore]] mode kicked players when they died with "'''You have died. Game over, man, it's game over!'''" [[Minecraft:disconnect message]]. This is no longer the case, and instead players may enter [[Minecraft:Spectator]] mode.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.9|dev=15w37a|Previously, Hardcore mode kicked players when they died with "'''You have died. Game over, man, it's game over!'''" disconnect message. This is no longer the case, and instead players may enter Spectator mode.}}
|{{HistoryLine|||dev=15w43a|Chat now supports Chinese, Japanese and Korean, and probably other IME entered languages.{{verify}}}}
|{{HistoryLine|||dev=15w43a|Chat now supports Chinese, Japanese and Korean, and probably other IME entered languages.{{verify}}}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.11|dev=16w38a|Chat messages can now be 256 characters long instead of 100.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.11|dev=16w38a|Chat messages can now be 256 characters long instead of 100.}}
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{{HistoryTable
{{HistoryTable
|{{HistoryLine|pocket alpha}}
|{{HistoryLine|pocket alpha}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.1.0|The first public version of ''Pocket Edition'' have multiplayer support in a form of wireless local area network.|Multiplayer worlds can be saved for offline use with the "Copy World" button in the [[Minecraft:pause menu]].}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.1.0|The first public version of ''Pocket Edition'' have multiplayer support in a form of wireless local area network.|Multiplayer worlds can be saved for offline use with the "Copy World" button in the pause menu.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.7.0|Added the [[Minecraft:chat]] system.|Added Pocket [[Minecraft:Realms]], accessible only to the testers of the ''Java Edition'' Realms.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.7.0|Added the chat system.|Added Pocket [[Minecraft:Realms]], accessible only to the testers of the ''Java Edition'' Realms.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.7.4|Added an "External" button in the edit section of world create menu, for connecting to servers by IP address.|Added support for [[Minecraft:commands]], however no commands have been implemented yet.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.7.4|Added an "External" button in the edit section of world create menu, for connecting to servers by IP address.|Added support for [[Minecraft:commands]], however no commands have been implemented yet.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.7.6|Realms are shut down for maintenance.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.7.6|Realms are shut down for maintenance.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.11.0|Added custom kick and ban messages.|Added server status and [[Minecraft:message of the day]] on the server entries screen.|Added ability for players to choose "Steve" and "Alex" models, and apply their own custom [[Minecraft:skin]].}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.11.0|Added custom kick and ban messages.|Added server status and message of the day on the server entries screen.|Added ability for players to choose "Steve" and "Alex" models, and apply their own custom skin.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.12.0|The fist public release of ''Windows 10 Edition'' being able to cross-play with players of [[Minecraft:Pocket Edition v0.12.1 alpha]] up to five players.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.12.0|The fist public release of ''Windows 10 Edition'' being able to cross-play with players of [[Minecraft:Pocket Edition v0.12.1 alpha]] up to five players.}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.15.0|Updated Realms with cross-play between mobile and Windows platforms.{{verify}}}}
|{{HistoryLine||v0.15.0|Updated Realms with cross-play between mobile and Windows platforms.{{verify}}}}
|{{HistoryLine|bedrock}}
|{{HistoryLine|bedrock}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.2.0|dev=beta 1.2.0.18|Added cross-play support for Xbox One players. Previously, Xbox One ran the [[Minecraft:Legacy Console Edition]], and ''Bedrock Edition'' only had cross-play between mobile, Windows, and VR platforms.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.2.0|dev=beta 1.2.0.18|Added cross-play support for Xbox One players. Previously, Xbox One ran the Legacy Console Edition, and ''Bedrock Edition'' only had cross-play between mobile, Windows, and VR platforms.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.6.0|An unreleased Bedrock Dedicated Server version has been shown.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.6.0|An unreleased Bedrock Dedicated Server version has been shown.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.6.1|The first public [[Minecraft:Bedrock Dedicated Server]] (BDS) release.}}
|{{HistoryLine||1.6.1|The first public [[Minecraft:Bedrock Dedicated Server]] (BDS) release.}}
Line 252: Line 252:
File:Banned.png|Banned from a Minecraft server.
File:Banned.png|Banned from a Minecraft server.
File:Account permanently banned disclaimer.png|Banned from online play and [[Minecraft:Realms]].
File:Account permanently banned disclaimer.png|Banned from online play and [[Minecraft:Realms]].
File:Account permanently suspended title screen.png|[[Minecraft:Title screen]] with inaccessible multiplayer and Realms buttons when banned from online play.
File:Account permanently suspended title screen.png|Title screen with inaccessible multiplayer and Realms buttons when banned from online play.
File:MCBE Friends List Error Message.jpg|An error message which can appear on the Friends list in [[Minecraft:Bedrock Edition]].  
File:MCBE Friends List Error Message.jpg|An error message which can appear on the Friends list in [[Minecraft:Bedrock Edition]].  
</gallery>
</gallery>
Line 259: Line 259:
{{see also|Category:Ez screenshots}}
{{see also|Category:Ez screenshots}}
<gallery>
<gallery>
Beta Multiplayer Group.png|A multiplayer group taken in [[Minecraft:Java Edition Beta]].
Beta Multiplayer Group.png|A multiplayer group taken in Java Edition Beta.
Beta Creeper Statue.jpg|A player-made [[Minecraft:creeper]] structure in multiplayer [[Minecraft:Java Edition Beta]].
Beta Creeper Statue.jpg|A player-made creeper structure in multiplayer Java Edition Beta.
Moria.jpg|A player-made great pillars, assuming to be a massive castle.
Moria.jpg|A player-made great pillars, assuming to be a massive castle.
Mojang Statues.jpg|Player {{w|statue}}s, a common trait of [[Minecraft:creative]] multiplayer servers.
Mojang Statues.jpg|Player {{w|statue}}s, a common trait of creative multiplayer servers.
PE Multiplayer.png|Numerous players on a ''[[Minecraft:Pocket Edition]]'' server in 2014.
PE Multiplayer.png|Numerous players on a ''[[Minecraft:Pocket Edition]]'' server in 2014.
Alpha Server.jpg|An early multiplayer game on [[Minecraft:Java Edition Alpha]].
Alpha Server.jpg|An early multiplayer game on Java Edition Alpha.
Spleef Arena.jpg|An early [[Minecraft:Spleef]] [[Minecraft:Server#Minigame|minigame]] on [[Minecraft:Java Edition Classic]].
Spleef Arena.jpg|An early Spleef [[Minecraft:Server#Minigame|minigame]] on Java Edition Classic.
Multiplayer Chaos.jpg|An early [[Minecraft:Server#Creative|Creative mode server]] on [[Minecraft:Java Edition Classic]].
Multiplayer Chaos.jpg|An early [[Minecraft:Server#Creative|Creative mode server]] on Java Edition Classic.
</gallery>
</gallery>


=== Development images ===
=== Development images ===
<gallery>
<gallery>
Alpha v1.0.5 01 Multiplayer Testing.png|[[Minecraft:Notch]] testing multiplayer.
Alpha v1.0.5 01 Multiplayer Testing.png|Notch testing multiplayer.
EarlySMP.png|Early multiplayer.
EarlySMP.png|Early multiplayer.
Alpha v1.0.10 Multiplayer 2.jpg|Early multiplayer.
Alpha v1.0.10 Multiplayer 2.jpg|Early multiplayer.
Line 290: Line 290:
{{Navbox Bedrock Edition}}
{{Navbox Bedrock Edition}}


[[Minecraft:cs:Hra více hráčů]]
cs:Hra více hráčů
[[Minecraft:de:Mehrspieler]]
de:Mehrspieler
[[Minecraft:es:Multijugador]]
es:Multijugador
[[Minecraft:fr:Multijoueur]]
fr:Multijoueur
[[Minecraft:it:Multigiocatore]]
it:Multigiocatore
[[Minecraft:ja:マルチプレイ]]
ja:マルチプレイ
[[Minecraft:nl:Multiplayer]]
nl:Multiplayer
[[Minecraft:pl:Gra wieloosobowa]]
pl:Gra wieloosobowa
[[Minecraft:pt:Multijogador]]
pt:Multijogador
[[Minecraft:ru:Сетевая игра]]
ru:Сетевая игра
[[Minecraft:uk:Гра в мережі]]
uk:Гра в мережі
[[Minecraft:zh:多人游戏]]
zh:多人游戏

Revision as of 15:57, 9 April 2026

File:Multiplayer preview.png
From left to right: Kai, Steve, Minecraft:Efe, and Zuri playing together.

Multiplayer is the style of playing Minecraft that involves multiple players interacting on a single world hosted by a player or an external Minecraft:server, allowing them to work together to mine ores, build structures, and fight mobs (or each other), or to simply play together.

Gameplay

Template:See also The gameplay of a multiplayer game still retains the same structure as the singleplayer counterpart. Take for example, in a Survival multiplayer game, players advance by gathering resources, fighting Minecraft:monsters, exploring the world, and reaching Minecraft:the End. However, multiplayer puts more emphasis on collaboration between players. Tasks such as resource gathering, farming, and building Minecraft:structures can be divided among players, making progression much faster compared to a singleplayer game.

Multiplayer allows for player-driven activities beyond the main game objectives. Players often establish in-game economy by building shops to trade valuable resources like Minecraft:diamonds and enchanted items. They can also engage in elaborate building for their homes and structures, such as Template:Ws, Template:Ws, Template:Ws, Template:Ws, Template:Ws, and more – usually forming into Template:Ws or Template:W.

Multiplayer games can also deviate from the base game experience; competitive games like player versus player (PvP) and many minigames are heavily community-based. In addition, most custom adventure maps are also playable in multiplayer. These activities often rely on the chat system for communication between players, which can be managed on the Minecraft:Social interactions screen.Template:Only There are various communication tools within the multiplayer chat using commands such as Template:Cmd for private messaging, and the host of the world can change multiplayer settings.

Differences from singleplayer

The game runs an internal Minecraft:server for singleplayer mode, allowing for better parity between the multiplayer and singleplayer experience. However, there are still some differences between a multiplayer and singleplayer game, one being that the game cannot be paused by a player.

Opening the pause menu in multiplayer does not pause the game. For example, if the player has items being smelted in a furnace, pressing the pause button (Template:Key by default) does not stop the smelting process. Minecraft:Mobs and entities don't pause and continue to work regardless, and even attacking the player. Although, in Template:JE, server operators can simulate pausing by using Template:Cmd command. In this state, non-player characters and interactions such as physics, daylight and weather cycle, mob AI and movements, item smelting, certain animations, and other actions are frozen. Players and player-ridden entities are still able to continue play, regardless if they are operator status or not.

In multiplayer mode, the locator bar is enabled and keeps track of other players' waypoints. This is absent in singleplayer, though Template:In, it can be enabled manually for tracking entities using Template:Cmd command and Template:Attr attribute.

Multiplayer worlds

Template:See also

Java Edition

File:Open to LAN.jpg
Settings for a multiplayer game on local area network (LAN).

Template:IN, singleplayer worlds can be hosted as multiplayer games on the Template:W (LAN), usually connected by Template:W or Template:W. LAN is not enabled by default, and must be activated on "Open to LAN" menu under the pause menu. Upon activation, the multiplayer game provides additional settings:

  • "Game Mode", which sets the game mode of other players once they join the world for the first time. Once a player rejoins, they retain their previous game mode even if the game mode on join was changed.
  • "Allow Commands", which allows or denies other players access to execute commands depending on the selected option. Once a player rejoins, they do not retain their cheats permissions unless enabled again.
  • "Port Number", which specifies the port number for the LAN-based server. If not specified, the game randomizes the server port. The port is automatically shown on the chat when the LAN game is activated.

Players can also open their game to LAN by using Template:Cmd command, which provide arguments to configure the same settings.

Once published, the host's game sends a UDP multicast to the Template:W 224.0.2.60:4445 every 1.5 seconds, notifying other players of the host's presence, and making their LAN world pop up automatically in the Minecraft:server list.

Bedrock Edition

File:Ore UI - Create New World Screen Menu "Multiplayer" Tab Settings (Bedrock).png
"Multiplayer" section of Create New World or Edit World which lets player customize their multiplayer game.

Template:IN, the game features multiplayer connections using local area network (LAN) and Minecraft's Minecraft:social system within the Template:W. When signed in with a Microsoft account and connected to the internet, the host can let players join their game by invites or their friend status in the Xbox network. Multiplayer game is enabled by default upon a world creation, which can be changed in the edit world screen.

The multiplayer game visibility in the Xbox network can be changed in Template:UI, which provides following options:

  • "Invited players", which allows some Xbox friends that the host invites to join.
  • "Friends", which allows any Xbox friends of the host to join them. This is the default option.
  • "Friends of friends", which allows the host's Xbox friends and their friends to join them.

A friend's multiplayer game in the Xbox network appears on the "Worlds" tab of the play screen, showing the world name and amount of active players. Individual players can also be joined through the social drawer or the player's profile screen. Friends can be invited to a world with the "Invite to play" button in the social drawer in the pause menu, who will get a notification (even when not in-game), and the option to join the world.

The host can set specific permissions for each player in the game. By default, a player upon joining gets "Member" role, which enables mining, building, and interacting with the world and entities. This can be set in the multiplayer settings, which provides "Visitor" and "Operator" roles, and further more on the player permissions screen in the pause menu, which provides more granular and custom permissions. The host can also kick active players from the multiplayer world, or ban them to hide the world for them.

The "Visible to LAN Players" option allows anyone (except Nintendo Switch players) on the same local network (either by Template:W or router) as the host to join them, regardless if they are an Xbox friend of the host or not, and does not require any internet connection.

On console versions, playing a multiplayer game requires an online subscription of either Template:W, Template:W, or Template:W.<ref>Template:Cite</ref> This includes joining a LAN multiplayer game; hosting it however, does not.

There can be a maximum of 5 or 8 players at a time in a world, depending on the host's system, and can be set using Template:Cmd up to 40 players.

Servers

Template:Main Template:Tabber Minecraft:Server is a standalone software that allows players to host a Minecraft world outside the normal game software. In order to join a Minecraft server, the game includes a menu where players can join a server, and save the ones they've visited. This feature is called the server list, and it's available inside the Multiplayer menu,Template:Only or the Servers tab on the Play menu.Template:Only From the list, players can check if a server is online, check their Template:W to the server, and see how many players are in the game. Template:IN, the server list includes Minecraft:featured servers which are partnered with Mojang Studios. In the console versions, the featured servers are the only servers available to the players, and external servers cannot be added or accessed.

Worlds hosted on servers can also be joined through LAN play as described above. Servers cannot be joined through the Xbox network in Bedrock Edition.

The Official Minecraft Server List by GamerSafer and Mojang features a variety of servers for the player to choose, which are categorized into options such as minigames, SMPs, and creative builds. All servers listed on the website are required to comply with Minecraft Usage Guidelines (MUG) and End-user license agreement (EULA), and have been vetted by both GamerSafer and the Mojang Enforcement Team.

Realms

Template:Main Players can pay a subscription service to create their own private Minecraft server which is always online. This service is called Realms, and it is provided by Mojang Studios on Template:Els. Realms are not available in the server list, players can join Realms only if they're invited by the Realm owner. Realms provides several exclusive features included in the subscription.

Player list

Java Edition

Players can see a list of players in the server by holding down Template:Key key, which is bound to List Players by default. For each player, the face part of their skin is shown alongside their username, and on the right, a network bar indicator that shows how good the player's connection to the server; when more green bar is filled in the indicator, the lower ping time the player has. If a scoreboard objective is set to the Template:Cd display slot, the player's score for that objective is shown to the left of the network indicator. Players in spectator mode have a grayed out and italicised username.

Meaning of ping icons<ref>The player list implementation can be seen on Template:Jcp class in the game's code. (Mojang mapping)</ref>
Icon Player's ping time
File:Ping unknown.png Below 0msTemplate:Note
File:Ping 5.png Between 0 and 150ms
File:Ping 4.png Between 150 and 300ms
File:Ping 3.png Between 300 and 600ms
File:Ping 2.png Between 600 and 1000ms
File:Ping 1.png Above 1000ms

The ping time (or latency) is calculated by Template:Math, which the client round trip time is calculated from subtracting the current system time by milliseconds with the client keep alive time.<ref>The calculation can be checked on Template:Jcp method. (Mojang mapping)</ref> If no previous latency is set, then the initial latency is zero.

Template:Notelist

Bedrock Edition

File:Ore UI - Game Menu - Social Drawer Screen Menu (Bedrock).png
The social drawer in the game menu

Online players in the server can be seen in social drawer in the game menu (opened with Template:Keys or the bound key). Each player is shown with their player permission, and their Xbox profile picture, allowing to open the profile and change social settings. If a scoreboard objective is set to the Template:Cd display slot, the player's score for that objective is shown here.

Parties

Template:MainTemplate:In development Players can join and create parties within the friends system, and connect with up to 15 people in the menus. When the leader joins a multiplayer world or Realm, all members automatically join the leader and can quickly hop from world to world. Parties also have a chat feature which allows members to communicate even if they are not in the same world, or in the menus.

Videos

Template:Yt

History

Java Edition

Template:HistoryTable

Bedrock Edition

Template:HistoryTable

Legacy Console Edition

Template:HistoryTable

New Nintendo 3DS Edition

Template:HistoryTable

Issues

Template:Issue list

Gallery

Screenshots

User interface

Historical screenshots

Template:See also

Development images

In other media

References

<references/>

Navigation

Template:Navbox gameplay Template:Navbox Bedrock Edition

cs:Hra více hráčů de:Mehrspieler es:Multijugador fr:Multijoueur it:Multigiocatore ja:マルチプレイ nl:Multiplayer pl:Gra wieloosobowa pt:Multijogador ru:Сетевая игра uk:Гра в мережі zh:多人游戏